资源名称：21天学通PYTHON 

内容简介：

《21天学通Python》全面、系统、深入地讲解了Python编程基础语法与高级应用。在讲解过程中，通过大量实际操作的实例将Python语言知识全面、系统、深入地呈现给读者。此外，作者专门为本书录制了大量的配套教学视频，让读者通过分析实例、运行实例尽快熟悉Python编程，在学习中遇到问题时，也可以作为参考。

《21天学通Python》共分三篇。第一篇介绍Python语言的特点、安装、语法基础、程序流程控制、面向过程的编程方法、面向对象的编程方法、程序异常的处理；第二篇介绍了Python语言中的包与模块、迭代器、生成器、装饰器、上下文管理器等进阶语法，同时介绍了使用Python标准库中的文件系统处理、图形化界面编程、正则表达式、网络编程、多进（线）程编程、数据库编程。此外，还介绍了运用第三方库的Web网站编程、图片处理；第三篇通过两个案例介绍Python的综合编程技术。

《21天学通Python》在内容上涉及面广，从基本操作到高级技术及综合案例，涉及Python语言的基础语法和编程特性。《21天学通Python》在设计上浅显易懂、实例丰富，尤其适合广大编程初学者自学，也适合对Python语言感兴趣的爱好者作为参考用书。

作者简介：

本书的作者团队成员为一线开发工程师、资深编程专家或专业培训师，在编程开发方面有着丰富的经验，并已出版过多本相关畅销书，颇受广大读者认可。长期积累的开发实战经验，结合对编程入门爱好者需求与特点的深入调查研究，本书的内容结构十分有利于编程爱好者和相关学员快速提高水平。

资源目录：

第一篇Python编程基础

第1章编程与Python.........................................................................................1

1.1什么是编程........................................................................................................1

1.1.1硬件与软件...........................................................................................................1

1.1.2编程语言...............................................................................................................2

1.1.3编程与调试...........................................................................................................3

1.2选择Python的理由...........................................................................................4

1.2.1Python是免费的自由软件...................................................................................4

1.2.2Python是跨平台的...............................................................................................4

1.2.3Python功能强大...................................................................................................4

1.2.4Python清晰优雅...................................................................................................5

1.3安装Python........................................................................................................5

1.3.1在Windows下安装Python..................................................................................6

1.3.2在Linux下安装Python........................................................................................7

1.4选择开发工具....................................................................................................9

1.4.1Python自带开发工具：IDLE..............................................................................9

1.4.2文本编辑器：Emacs.............................................................................................9

1.4.3Python开发工具：PythonWin...........................................................................12

1.5编辑和运行Python程序.................................................................................15

1.5.1你好，Python......................................................................................................15

1.5.2运行程序文件........................................................................................................................15

1.5.3交互式运行Python.............................................................................................16

1.6小结..................................................................................................................17

1.7本章习题..........................................................................................................17

第2章Python起步...........................................................................................19

2.1Python语法基础..............................................................................................19

2.1.1缩进分层.............................................................................................................19

2.1.2代码注释.............................................................................................................20

2.1.3断行.....................................................................................................................20

2.2Python输入/输出.............................................................................................21

2.2.1接收键盘/输入....................................................................................................21

2.2.2显示处理结果........................................................................................................................22

2.3用Python计算.................................................................................................22

2.3.1算式与代数式运算..............................................................................................23

2.3.2惊奇.....................................................................................................................24

2.4小结..................................................................................................................25

2.5本章习题..........................................................................................................25

第3章Python数据类型......................................................................................................27

3.1Python简单数据类型......................................................................................27

3.1.1字符串（str）........................................................................................................................27

3.1.2整数（int）.........................................................................................................30

3.1.3浮点数（float）..................................................................................................31

3.1.4类型转换.............................................................................................................31

3.2字符串进阶.....................................................................................................................32

3.2.1原始字符串.........................................................................................................32

3.2.2格式化字符串..............................................................................................................33

3.2.3中文字符串处理..................................................................................................33

3.3标志符与赋值号..............................................................................................34

3.3.1标志符.................................................................................................................34

3.3.2“＝”.................................................................................................................34

3.4Python结构数据类型......................................................................................35

3.4.1列表（list）.........................................................................................................35

3.4.2元组（tuple）........................................................................................................................37

3.4.3字典（dict）.......................................................................................................37

3.5内置常量与逻辑运算符、比较运算符..........................................................39

3.5.1常用内置常量.................................................................................................39

3.5.2Python中逻辑运算符.........................................................................................39

3.5.3Python中比较运算符.........................................................................................40

3.5.4Python中其他逻辑操作符.................................................................................40

3.6序列..................................................................................................................41

3.6.1序列切片.............................................................................................................41

3.6.2序列内置操作..............................................................................................42

3.7小结..................................................................................................................43

3.8本章习题..........................................................................................................43

第４章控制语句执行流程.................................................................................45

4.1用if选择执行语句..........................................................................................45

4.1.1if基础..................................................................................................................45

4.1.2if语句的嵌套......................................................................................................48

4.2用for循环执行语句.......................................................................................50

4.2.1for基础................................................................................................................50

4.2.2for语句与break语句、continue语句...............................................................50

4.2.3for语句与range()函数.......................................................................................52

4.2.4for语句与内置迭代函数....................................................................................53

4.3用while循环执行语句...................................................................................54

4.3.1while基础.............................................................................................................54

4.3.2增量赋值运算符..................................................................................................55

4.4推导或内涵（listcomprehension）................................................................56

4.4.1推导基础.............................................................................................................56

4.4.2推导进阶.............................................................................................................56

4.5小结..................................................................................................................57

4.6本章习题..........................................................................................................57

第5章自定义功能单元（一）..........................................................................59

5.1使用函数..........................................................................................................59

5.1.1声明函数.............................................................................................................59

5.1.2调用函数.............................................................................................................60

5.2深入函数..........................................................................................................61

5.2.1默认值参数.........................................................................................................61

5.2.2参数传递.............................................................................................................63

5.2.3可变数量参数传递..............................................................................................63

5.2.4拆解序列的函数调用..........................................................................................66

5.2.5函数调用时参数的传递方法..............................................................................66

5.3变量的作用域..................................................................................................68

5.4使用匿名函数（lambda）..............................................................................69

5.5Python常用内建函数......................................................................................70

5.6小结..................................................................................................................71

5.7本章习题..........................................................................................................71

第6章自定义功能单元（二）..........................................................................73

6.1面向对象编程概述..........................................................................................73

6.1.1万物皆对象.........................................................................................................73

6.1.2对象优越性.........................................................................................................74

6.1.3类和对象.............................................................................................................74

6.2定义和使用类..................................................................................................74

6.2.1定义类.................................................................................................................74

6.2.2使用类.................................................................................................................75

6.3类的属性和方法..............................................................................................76

6.3.1类的方法.............................................................................................................76

6.3.2类的属性.............................................................................................................78

6.3.3类成员方法与静态方法......................................................................................80

6.4类的继承..........................................................................................................81

6.4.1类的继承.............................................................................................................81

6.4.2多重继承.............................................................................................................82

6.4.3方法重载.............................................................................................................84

6.5小结..................................................................................................................84

6.6本章习题..........................................................................................................84

第7章错误、异常和程序调试..........................................................................86

7.1语法错误..........................................................................................................86

7.2异常的处理......................................................................................................87

7.2.1异常处理的基本语法..........................................................................................87

7.2.2Python主要的内置异常及其处理......................................................................89

7.3手工抛出异常..................................................................................................91

7.3.1用raise手工抛出异常........................................................................................91

7.3.2assert语句...........................................................................................................92

7.3.3自定义异常类.........................................................................................93

7.4用pdb调试程序..............................................................................................94

7.4.1调试语句块函数..................................................................................................94

7.4.2调试函数.............................................................................................................95

7.5测试程序..........................................................................................................96

7.5.1用testmod函数测试...........................................................................................96

7.5.2用testfile函数测试.............................................................................................97

7.6小结..................................................................................................................98

7.7本章习题..........................................................................................................98

第二篇Python编程高阶

第8章复杂程序组织......................................................................................100

8.1模块................................................................................................................100

8.1.1模块概述...........................................................................................................100

8.1.2自己编写模块................................................................................................101

8.1.3模块位置...........................................................................................................102

8.1.4__pycache__目录..............................................................................................103

8.1.5具有独立运行能力的模块................................................................................103

8.2包....................................................................................................................104

8.2.1包概述...............................................................................................................104

8.2.2包详解...............................................................................................................105

8.3Python常用标准库简介................................................................................106

8.3.1数学类模块.......................................................................................................106

8.3.2日期与时间类.....................................................................................107

8.4小结................................................................................................................107

8.5本章习题........................................................................................................107

第9章迭代器、生成器与装饰器....................................................................109

9.1迭代器............................................................................................................109

9.1.1迭代器概述.......................................................................................................109

9.1.2自定义迭代器...............................................................................110

9.1.3内置迭代器工具................................................................................................110

9.2生成器............................................................................................................113

9.2.1生成器创建.......................................................................................................113

9.2.2深入生成器.......................................................................................................114

9.2.3生成器与协程...............................................................................115

9.3装饰器............................................................................................................116

9.3.1装饰器概述.......................................................................................................116

9.3.2装饰函数...........................................................................................................116

9.3.3装饰类...............................................................................................................117

9.4小结................................................................................................................118

9.5本章习题........................................................................................................119

第10章Python进阶话题..................................................................................................120

10.1函数与命名空间..........................................................................................120

10.2闭包及其应用..............................................................................................121

10.2.1闭包概述.........................................................................................................121

10.2.2闭包与延迟求值..............................................................................................122

10.2.3闭包与泛型函数..............................................................................................122

10.3上下文管理器..............................................................................................123

10.4用字符串操作对象属性..............................................................................125

10.5用字典构造分支程序..................................................................................126

10.6重载类的特殊方法......................................................................................127

10.7鸭子类型（ducktyping）与多态...............................................................128

10.8小结..............................................................................................................129

10.9本章习题......................................................................................................129

第11章文件与文件系统.................................................................................131

11.1文件操作基础..............................................................................................131

11.1.1open()函数.......................................................................................................131

11.1.2用fileinput操作文件......................................................................................133

11.2常用文件和目录操作..................................................................................134

11.2.1获得当前路径..................................................................................................134

11.2.2获得目录中的内容..........................................................................................134

11.2.3创建目录..........................................................................................................135

11.2.4删除目录..........................................................................................................135

11.2.5判断是否是目录..............................................................................................135

11.2.6判断是否为文件..............................................................................................135

11.2.7遍历某目录下的所有文件和目录..................................................................136

11.2.8由文件名批量获取姓名和考号......................................................................136

11.2.9批量文件重命名..............................................................................................137

11.3编译为可执行文件......................................................................................138

11.3.1用py2exe生成可执行程序............................................................................138

11.3.2用cx_freeze生成可执行文件........................................................................139

11.4小结..............................................................................................................141

11.5本章习题......................................................................................................141

第12章基于tkinter的GUI编程....................................................................142

12.1GUI概述......................................................................................................142

12.1.1GUI是什么.....................................................................................................142

12.1.2Python编写GUI程序库................................................................................142

12.2tkinter图形化库简介...................................................................................143

12.2.1创建GUI程序第一步.....................................................................................143

12.2.2创建GUI程序第二步.....................................................................................144

12.3tkinter组件.....................................................................................................................145

12.3.1组件分类.........................................................................................................145

12.3.2布局组件.........................................................................................................145

12.4常用tkinter组件..........................................................................................146

12.4.1按钮.................................................................................................................146

12.4.2文本框.............................................................................................................148

12.4.3标签.................................................................................................................149

12.4.4菜单.................................................................................................................150

12.4.5单选框和复选框..............................................................................................152

12.4.6绘制图形.........................................................................................................154

12.5响应操作事件..............................................................................................156

12.5.1事件基础.........................................................................................................156

12.5.2响应事件.........................................................................................................158

12.6对话框..........................................................................................................160

12.6.1标准对话框.....................................................................................................160

12.6.2自定义对话框..................................................................................................166

12.7小结..............................................................................................................167

12.8本章习题......................................................................................................167

第13章正则表达式........................................................................................169

13.1正则表达式基础..........................................................................................169

13.1.1正则表达式概述..............................................................................................169

13.1.2正则表达式基本元字符..................................................................................169

13.1.3常用正则表达式..............................................................................................171

13.2re模块..........................................................................................................172

13.2.1正则匹配搜索函数..........................................................................................172

13.2.2sub()与subn()函数..........................................................................................173

13.2.3split()函数........................................................................................................174

13.2.4正则表达式对象..............................................................................................174

13.3分组匹配与匹配对象使用..........................................................................178

13.3.1分组基础.........................................................................................................178

13.3.2分组扩展.........................................................................................................178

13.3.3匹配对象与组的使用......................................................................................179

13.3.4匹配对象与索引使用......................................................................................180

13.4正则表达式应用示例..................................................................................181

13.5小结..............................................................................................................183

13.6本章习题......................................................................................................183

第14章网络编程............................................................................................184

14.1网络编程基础..............................................................................................184

14.1.1什么是网络.....................................................................................................184

14.1.2网络协议.........................................................................................................184

14.1.3地址与端口.....................................................................................................185

14.2套接字的使用..............................................................................................186

14.2.1用socket建立服务器端程序..........................................................................186

14.2.2用socket建立客户端程序..............................................................................187

14.2.3用socket建立基于UDP协议的服务器与客户端程序................................188

14.2.4用socketserver模块建立服务器....................................................................190

14.3urllib与http包使用....................................................................................191

14.3.1urllib和http包简介........................................................................................191

14.3.2用urllib和http包访问网站...........................................................................194

14.4用poplib与smtplib库收发邮件................................................................195

14.4.1用poplib检查邮件.........................................................................................195

14.4.2用smtplib发送邮件........................................................................................197

14.5用ftplib访问FTP服务...............................................................................199

14.5.1ftplib模块简介................................................................................................199

14.5.2使用Python访问FTP....................................................................................201

14.6小结..............................................................................................................203

14.7本章习题......................................................................................................203

第15章线程和进程........................................................................................204

15.1线程..............................................................................................................204

15.1.1用threading.Thread直接在线程中运行函数.................................................204

15.1.2通过继承threading.Thread类来创建线程.....................................................205

15.1.3线程类Thread使用........................................................................................205

15.2进程..............................................................................................................209

15.2.1进程基础.........................................................................................................209

15.2.2用Popen类创建进程......................................................................................210

15.3小结..............................................................................................................212

15.4本章习题......................................................................................................212

第16章数据库编程........................................................................................213

16.1Python数据库应用程序接口......................................................................213

16.1.1数据库应用程序接口概述..............................................................................213

16.1.2数据库游标的使用..........................................................................................214

16.2Python操作SQLite3数据库......................................................................214

16.2.1SQLite3数据库简介.......................................................................................214

16.2.2SQLite3数据库操作实例...............................................................................215

16.3Python操作MariaDB数据库.....................................................................217

16.3.1MariaDB数据库简介......................................................................................218

16.3.2建立MariaDB数据库操作环境.....................................................................218

16.3.3MariaDB数据库操作实例..............................................................................220

16.4Python操作MongoDB数据库...................................................................222

16.4.1MongoDB数据库简介....................................................................................222

16.4.2建立MongoDB数据库操作环境...................................................................222

16.4.3MongoDB数据库基础....................................................................................223

16.4.4MongoDB数据库操作实例............................................................................226

16.4.5用对象关系映射（ORM）工具操作MongoDB数据库..............................228

16.5小结..............................................................................................................231

16.6本章习题......................................................................................................231

第17章Web网站编程...................................................................................232

17.1Web网站编程概述......................................................................................232

17.2FlaskWeb框架及其应用............................................................................233

17.2.1FlaskWeb框架简介........................................................................................233

17.2.2FlaskWeb框架初识........................................................................................233

17.2.3URL装饰器与URL参数传递.......................................................................235

17.2.4GET与POST请求的参数传递.....................................................................237

17.2.5使用cookie与session跟踪客户....................................................................239

17.2.6使用静态文件资源与页面文件......................................................................241

17.2.7接收上传文件..................................................................................................243

17.2.8Flask框架中使用数据库................................................................................244

17.3TornadoWeb框架及其应用........................................................................247

17.3.1Tornado框架简介...........................................................................................247

17.3.2Tornado框架初识...........................................................................................247

17.3.3请求参数的获取..............................................................................................249

17.3.4用cookie与安全cookie跟踪客户.................................................................251

17.3.5URL转向与静态文件资源.............................................................................252

17.3.6TornadoWeb框架应用举例...........................................................................254

17.4小结..............................................................................................................259

17.5本章习题......................................................................................................259

第18章数据结构基础....................................................................................261

18.1表、栈和队列..............................................................................................261

18.1.1用列表来创建表..............................................................................................261

18.1.2自定义栈数据结构..........................................................................................262

18.1.3实现队列功能..................................................................................................264

18.2树和图..........................................................................................................265

18.2.1用列表构建树..................................................................................................265

18.2.2实现二叉树类与遍历二叉树..........................................................................266

18.2.3用字典构建与搜索图......................................................................................269

18.3查找与排序..................................................................................................271

18.3.1实现二分查找..................................................................................................271

18.3.2用二叉树排序..................................................................................................273

18.4小结..............................................................................................................275

18.5本章习题......................................................................................................275

第19章用Pillow库处理图片.........................................................................276

19.1第三方Pillow库概述..................................................................................276

19.1.1安装第三方Pillow库.....................................................................................276

19.1.2Pillow库简介..................................................................................................276

19.1.3Pillow库处理图像基础..................................................................................277

19.1.4Image模块中函数的使用...............................................................................278

19.1.5Image模块中Image类的使用.......................................................................281

19.1.6使用ImageChops模块进行图片合成............................................................286

19.1.7使用ImageEnhance模块增强图像效果........................................................289

19.1.8使用ImageFilter模块的滤镜.........................................................................290

19.1.9使用ImageDraw模块画图.............................................................................291

19.2使用Pillow库处理图片举例......................................................................292

19.2.1图片格式转换..................................................................................................292

19.2.2批量生成缩略图..............................................................................................294

19.2.3为图片添加Logo............................................................................................297

19.3小结..............................................................................................................301

19.4本章习题......................................................................................................302

第三篇Python编程实战

第20章案例1做一个Windows上的360工具...........................................303

20.1案例背景......................................................................................................303

20.2从创建图形化界面开始..............................................................................304

20.2.1创建基本图形化工作界面..............................................................................304

20.2.2响应菜单事件..................................................................................................306

20.3清理垃圾文件..............................................................................................308

20.3.1迭代目录.........................................................................................................308

20.3.2扫描垃圾文件..................................................................................................309

20.3.3多线程加速.....................................................................................................311

20.3.4扫描所有磁盘..................................................................................................312

20.3.5删除垃圾文件..................................................................................................314

20.4搜索文件......................................................................................................316

20.4.1搜索超大文件..................................................................................................316

20.4.2按名称搜索文件..............................................................................................317

20.5小结..............................................................................................................318

第21章案例2Python搞定大数据..............................................................320

21.1案例背景......................................................................................................320

21.1.1大数据处理方式概述......................................................................................320

21.1.2处理日志文件..................................................................................................321

21.1.3要实现的案例目标..........................................................................................322

21.2分割日志文件..............................................................................................322

21.3用Map函数处理小文件.............................................................................324

21.4用Reduce函数归集数据............................................................................326

21.5小结..............................................................................................................327

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